ls - List directory contents.
pwd - Display current directory path.
cd - Change directory.
mkdir - Create a new directory.
mv - Move or rename files.
cp - Copy files.
rm - Delete files.
touch - Create an empty file.
rmdir - Remove directory.
cat - Display file content.
clear - Clear terminal screen.
echo - Output text or data to a file.
less - View text files page-by-page.
man - Display command manual.
sudo - Execute commands with root privileges.
top - Show system processes.
tar - Archive files into tarball.
grep - Search for text within files.
head - Display file’s beginning lines.
tail - Show file’s ending lines.
diff - Compare two files’ content.
kill - Terminate processes.
jobs - List active jobs.
sort - Sort lines of a text file.
df - Display disk usage.
du - Show file or directory size.
zip - Compress files into zip format.
unzip - Extract zip archives.
ssh - Secure connection between hosts.
cal - Display calendar.
apt - Manage packages.
alias - Create command shortcuts.
w - Show current user details.
whereis - Locate binaries, sources, and manuals.
whatis - Provide command description.
useradd - Add a new user.
passwd - Change user password.
whoami - Display current user name.
uptime - Show system runtime.
free - Display memory status.
history - List command history.
uname - Provide system details.
ping - Check network connectivity.
chmod - Modify file/directory permissions.
chown - Change file/directory owner.
find - Search for files/directories.
locate - Find files quickly.
ifconfig - Display network interfaces.
ip a - List network interfaces succinctly.
finger - Retrieve user information.
